冬季项目运动员下肢运动损伤影像诊断类型及对重返赛场比率的影响

doi:10.7517/issn.1674-0475.220728

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文分析了冬季项目运动员下肢运动损伤影像诊断类型及对重返赛场比率的影响。收集357例冬季项目运动员下肢运动损伤患者的临床资料,分析患者一般资料、损伤原因、损伤部位、影像学检查诊断损伤类型。结果显示:损伤原因以动作技术失误(49.86%)、冲撞和激烈对抗(19.05%)、疲劳(17.09%)为主;损伤部位以膝关节(53.78%)、踝关节(31.93%)为主;损伤类型以韧带损伤(40.62%)、骨折(37.25%)为主。男性运动员下肢骨折发生率(42.31%)高于女性运动员(30.20%),韧带损伤发生率(35.10%)低于女性运动员(48.32%)(P＜0.05);下肢肌肉拉伤、软组织损伤运动员1年内重返赛场比率均为100.00%,高于骨折运动员(88.72%)和韧带损伤运动员(68.97%)(P＜0.05)。冬季项目运动员下肢运动损伤影像诊断类型主要为韧带损伤、骨折,其中下肢韧带损伤运动员1年内重返赛场比率较低,加强防治非常必要。

关键词: 冬季项目, 运动员, 下肢运动损伤, 影像学, 重返赛场

Abstract: This paper analyzed the imaging diagnosis types of lower extremity sports injuries in winter sports athletes and their influence on the rate of returning to competition. The clinical data of 357 patients with lower extremity sports injuries of winter sports athletes were collected, and the general data of the patients, the cause of the injury, the location of the injury, and the imaging examination to diagnose the type of injury were analyzed. The results showed that the main causes of injury were movement technical mistakes (49.86%), collision and fierce confrontation (19.05%), and fatigue (17.09%). The main injury sites were knee joint (53.78%) and ankle joint (31.93%). The main injury types were ligament injury (40.62%) and fracture (37.25%).The incidence of lower limb fractures in male athletes (42.31%) was higher than that in female athletes (30.20%), and the incidence of ligament injury (35.10%) was lower than that of female athletes (48.32%) (P＜0.05). The rate of returning to competition within one year in athletes with lower extremity muscle strain and soft tissue injury was 100.00%, which was higher than that in athletes with fractures (88.72%) and ligament injury (68.97%) (P<0.05). The imaging diagnosis types of lower extremity sports injuries among athletes in winter sports are mainly ligament injuries and fractures. Among them, the rate of return of athletes with lower extremity ligament injuries to the game within 1 year is low, and it is very necessary to strengthen prevention and treatment.

Key words: winter sports, athletes, lower extremity sports injuries, imaging, return to competition

蒋梁, 苏平昌, 贺刚. 冬季项目运动员下肢运动损伤影像诊断类型及对重返赛场比率的影响[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 2022, 40(6): 1465-1470.

JIANG Liang, SU Pingchang, HE Gang. Imaging Diagnosis Types of Lower Extremity Sports Injuries in Winter Sports Athletes and Their Influence on Return to Competition Rate[J]. IMAGING SCIENCE AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY, 2022, 40(6): 1465-1470.

参考文献

[1] Chen N Y, Yang Y P, Jiang Y F, et al. Injury patterns in a large-scale ski resort in the host city of 2022 Winter Olympic Games:A retrospective cross-sectional study[J]. British Medical Journal, 2020, 10(11):e037834.
[2] Palmer D, Engebretsen L, Carrard J, et al. Sports injuries and illnesses at the Lausanne 2020 Youth Olympic Winter Games:A prospective study of 1783 athletes from 79 countries[J]. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2021, 55(17):968-974.
[3] Zhang P N, Yang X M, Yin Y L, et al. Effects of multidisciplinary model of damage control on acute cervical spinal cord injury in Winter Olympic Sports[J]. American Journal of Translational Research, 2021, 13(5):5051-5058.
[4] Soligard T, Steffen K, Palmer-Green D, et al. Sports injuries and illnesses in the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games[J]. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2015, 49(7):441-447.
[5] Soligard T, Palmer D, Steffen K, et al. Sports injury and illness incidence in the PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Winter Games:A prospective study of 2914 athletes from 92 countries[J]. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2019, 53(17):1085-1092.
[6] 姚骞, 娄靖, 张进军. 773例冬季雪上运动损伤患者临床分析[J]. 中华急诊医学杂志, 2022, 31(1):98-100.
[7] 李晶, 胡建平, 张媛媛. 基于CT影像分析氨基酸对健美操运动员耐力运动后肌肉损伤的保护作用[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 2022, 40(2):429-433.
[8] 张玲, 安伊凡, 樊勇, 等. 磁共振PDW-SPAIR序列对女性羽毛球运动员肩袖损伤的诊断分析[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 2022, 40(3):680-684.
[9] Close G L, Sale C, Baar K, et al. Nutrition for the prevention and treatment of injuries in track and field athletes[J]. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism, 2019, 29(2):189-197.
[10] 石晓苏, 苑玲伟, 赵玮琳. 我国冰雪项目青年运动员运动损伤流行病特点及致因[J]. 当代体育科技, 2018, 8(18):29-30.
[11] Barahona M, Rojas J T, Courtin C, et al. The evolution of knee anterior cruciate ligament tear incidence in a single ski resort:23 years overview[J]. MOJ Sports Medicine, 2018, 2(3):103-106.
[12] 马骁, 王佳宁, 陈拿云, 等. 2019—2020国际雪联滑雪世界杯医疗保障情况分析[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2021, 40(5):360-363.
[13] 张立岩, 李建永, 罗春阳, 等. 群众冰雪运动损伤的现状及急救知识调查分析[J]. 北华大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 21(5):663-667.
[14] 魏亚茹, 徐金庆, 刘志良, 等. 我国冰雪项目青年运动员运动损伤流行病特点及致因[J]. 冰雪运动, 2015, 37(2):23-28.
[15] 周敬滨, 马云, 邹荣琪, 等. 常见运动损伤的预防、评价与伤病运动员重返赛场:基于第64届美国运动医学会年会报告综述[J]. 北京体育大学学报, 2017, 40(8):48-52.
[16] 蒋涵. 运动员在肩部损伤术后重返赛场的研究进展[J]. 四川体育科学, 2022, 41(2):45-49.
[17] 周敬滨, 贺忱, 高奉, 等. 运动员前交叉韧带损伤与重建术后的重返赛场:早期与安全的相关问题[J]. 体育科研, 2020, 41(3):2-6.
[18] Singh S K, Larkin K E, Kadakia A R, et al. Risk factors for reoperation and performance-based outcomes after operative fixation of foot fractures in the professional athlete:A cross-sport analysis[J]. Sports Health, 2018, 10(1):70-74.
[19] 印钰, 王琪, 孟令宇, 等. 冬季项目运动员膝关节运动损伤术后功能恢复进程及重返赛场分析[J]. 科技导报, 2022, 40(2):65-70.