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Table of Content
20 November 1983, Volume 1 Issue 4
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1983, 1(4): 1-1. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.1
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APPLICATION OF HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRON MICROSCOPYTO STUDIES OF THE STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTIONOF THE SILVER PARTICLES IN RECEIVINGLAYER IN INSTANTOPHOTOGRAPHY
FENG WEI-MIN, SHENG LI-QIN, JI SU-XUE, YU SHU-FANG
1983, 1(4): 2-7. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.2
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The structure and distribution of the silver particles in receiving layer in instanto-photography have been directly observed by high voltage electron microscopy. The aggregates of the silver particles in receiving layer in the presence of toner have been clearly seen. This proves that the function of the toner is to induce rapid formation of small particles and then which collect rapidly to aggregates.Silver covering power and properties of nucleus of receiving layer which relate to silver particles structure and distribution of receiving layer have been studied respectively.
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMAGE TONE AND THE SIZE OF SILVER PARTICLES IN INSTANTOPHOTOGRAPHY
FENG WEI-MIN, SHENG LI-QIN, WANG YI-GUANG, CHEN PING
1983, 1(4): 8-13. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.8
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The iodide content of silver halide emulsion has a marked effect on the image tone and the size of transferred silver particles in the receiving layer with gelatin matrix. As the iodide content of the silver halide emulsion decreases, the size of silver halide grains and the size of clustered particles (i.e. silver particles), as well as the number of fine silver particles which consist of clustered particles increase. The image tone in the receiving layer thereby changes from brown to black. The nature of the nuclei in the receiving layer also affects the image tone and the size of silver particles. These results are in agreement with the mechanism of cluster "toning.
A STUDY OF THE DIELECTRIC SPECTRA OF DOPEDCUBIC SILVER BROMIDE EMULSIONSII THE EFFECT OF I
-
IONS
CHENG HU-MIN
1983, 1(4): 14-18. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.14
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Dielectric spectra of the silver bromide emulsions doped with 0.1-2.0mol% I
-
Ions in the surface region of the grains were studied. It was found that the absorption peak in the dielectric spectrum shifted markedly toward higher frequencies with the increase of the dopant concentration. At the dopant concentration of 1mol%, the frequency of the dielectric absorption peak of the sample was quite close to that of pure silver iodide emulsion- Increase of the dopant concentration beyond 1 mol% did not lead to further shift of the absorption peak.From the above experimental result, it was deduced that the frequency of the dielectric absorption peak was affected mainly by the composition and structure of the surface region of the grains in the dispersive phase.
STUDIES OF THE PHOTO-STABILIZATION EFFECTS OFCOMBINATION OF 4-HYDROXY-2,2,6,6-TETRAMETHYLPIPERIDINE WITH 3-(3, 5-D1-TERT-BUTYL-4-HYDROXY PHENYL) PROPIONIC ACID TETRAESTER OF PENTAERITHRITOL IN ISOOCTANE
ZHANO CAN, CHEN JING-FEN, HOU GUI, Gu LI-YING, HU XING-ZHOU
1983, 1(4): 19-24. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.19
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The photo-stabilization effects of combination of 4-hydroxy-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpi-peridine (TMP) with 3-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid tetraester of pentaerithritol (Irganox 1010) in isooctane have been investigated. It is shown from the experimental data that TMP antagonizes with Irganox 1010 during photo-oxidation of isooctane, Irganox 1010 may act as photosensitizer in photo-oxidation of isooctane, in the presence of Irganox 1010 the rate of cumulation of TMPO. is slower and the maximum TMPO.concentration is lower than that in the absence of Irganox 1010, in the case of combination of TMPO. and Irganox 1010 the rate of TMPO. decay is remarkably greater than that in the system containing TMPO. alone. The results observed were discussed in relation to our current understanding of mechanisms of hindered amines and hindered phenolic antioxidants. A new mechanism that the decrease of>NO. concentration was the main reason of antagonism of hindered amines with hindered phenolic antioxidants was suggested.
A STUDY ON UV ABSORPTION OF CHARGE-TRANSFERCOMPLEXES (CTC) WITH AROMATIC AMINESAS ELECTRON DONORS
Li TONG, CAO WEI-XIAO, FENG XIN-DE
1983, 1(4): 25-31. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.25
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We have studied and verified that the UV absorption spectra of the charge-transfer complexes (CTC) formed by various aromatic amines as electron-donors with various electron-acceptors are closely related to their structures. Instead of forming peaks only some broadening of the absorption band was observed for the system composed of weak electron-acceptors and aromatic amines. Only strong electron-acceptors, such as tetracya-noethylene, showed a new peak when forming CTC with aromatic amines. The UV absorption showed peak increasingly larger bathochromic shift both with increasing electron-accepting power of the acceptors and with increasing electron-donating power of the aromatic amines, i.e. with electron-donating substituting group on the benzene ring or with more substituting alkyl groups on the nitrogen atom of the amine molecule.
KINETICS OF PHOTOOXIDATION OF DIETHYL SULFIDE SENSITIZED BY A POLYMERIC SENSITIZER
GUI GUO-ZHU, XU BO-YU, XU DA-NIAN, WU SHI-KANG
1983, 1(4): 32-38. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.32
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The photooxidation of diethyl sulfide to diethyl sulfoxide was studied in methanol solution by using polymeric Hose Bengal as singlet oxygen sensitizer.Experimental results have led to the following relation for the reaction rate of pho-tooxidation which is in agreement with the kinetic equation obtained under photostation-ary conditions:R
Ox
=K[R
2
S]
0
[O
2
]
0.42
[I]
A STUDY ON THE RATE OF REACTION OF SINGLET OXYGEN WITH SULFIDES
Xu BO-TU, XU DA-NIAN, Cui GUO-ZHU, WU SHI-KANG
1983, 1(4): 39-44. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.39
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Reaction rate constant for the reaction of singlet oxygen with a number of alkyl and aryl sulfides in methanol have been measured by the Young’s method. In this method, the competition reaction observed by the measurement of fluorescence intensity between diphenyl benzofuran and different sulfides with singlet oxygen was used.The results concerning the steric and electronic inductive effect have been discussed.
A STUDY ON PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION OF MMA INITIATED BY α-HYDROXY-α-ALKYL ACETOPHENONES
WANG EB-JIAN, CHANG ZHI-YING, ZHAO MING-XIAN, FENG XIN-DE
1983, 1(4): 45-51. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.45
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Photopolymerization of MMA initiated by two a-hydroxy-a-alkyl-acetophenones (a-hydroxy-a, a-pentamethylene-acetophenone, 1-184 and a-hydroxy-a, a-dimethyl-p-isopropyl -acetophenone, D-1116) has been investigated. Results obtained show that their photo-initiation efficiencies are comparable with that of the benzoin ethers. The polymerization rates are directly proportional to the 0.4th power of concentration of initiators, and less dependent on the polarity of solvents. The values of
K
p
/
K
t
1/2
are estimated to be 0.054 (1-184) and 0.053 (D-1116) respectivly.The above a-hydroxy-a-alkyl-acetophenones are qualified as good photoinitiators for the photopolymerization of acrylates to give the cured coating with good colour-stability.
1983, 1(4): 52-58. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.52
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SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF INDOLINOBENZOSPIROPYRANS
Ni TING, WENO HUI-JIU, TIEN YU-LIN
1983, 1(4): 59-64. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1983.04.59
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The synthesis and application of indolinobenaospiropyrans which show photochromic properties are described. The structures and photochromic properties of these compounds were investigated.A new kind of photochromic polymer resist material was prepared by mixing 6’-iodo-1, 3, 3-trimethylindoline-2-spiro-2’-benzopyran with photopolymer resist resin G11. The negative film which covered the photochromic material was subjected to UV light, and image with clear contrast which lasted over 24 hours was obtained.