IMAGING SCIENCE AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF POLYVINYLCARBAZOLE ORGANIC ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES

LIU ZHI-JIE, LEI YONG-SHENG, SUN CHUN-HO, CAO JU-JIU

1985, 3(4): 1-4. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.1

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The present paper reported that double layer electrophotographic plate was prepared from PVC, and dye sensitizer. Experiments show that the properties of the plate axe closely related to the material of photoconductors, senaitizers and barrier layer. When dye is used as sensitizer, the sensitivity of 3-BPVC_z, is higher than that of PVC_z. Plate with highest photosensitivity can be obtained when the thickness of photoconduc-tive layer is 8-12μ and the film was dried for 30min. at 80℃.

STUDY OF THE UNDESIRABLE ABSORPTION OFPYRAZOLONE AZOMETHINE DYES IN THESUBSTRACTIVE COLOUR FILMS

ZHU ZHENG-HUA, CHEN KONG-CHANG, WU MING-DAN, CHEN ZHE-LIU

1985, 3(4): 5-16. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.5

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The authors synthesized some azomethine dyes derived from 3-methyl, 3-amino, 3-anilino, 3-benzoylamino, and 3-phenylureido-pyrazolone oompoutods. The model systems for study are the above dyes in n-butyl acetate.The formula R_E=ε_y/ε_x, where ε_x and ε_y can be measured, was defined as the experimental value of unwanted absorption. The modified PPP-CI method was programmed for calculating the structural models of dye molecules. The formula R_T=f_y/f_x was defined as theoretical value of undesirable absorption, where f_x and f_y are oscillator strength.It was found that a very good linear relationship exists between R_E and R_T (the linear correlation coefficient r=0.99). The main result of this paper showed the theoretical formula of unwanted absorption can be expressed as R=0.349R_T+0.051.

STUDY ON THE PREPARATIONS, STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF TABULAR SILVER HALIDE CRYSTALS——THE DISTRIBUTION OF IODIDE IONS IN THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF TABULAR SILVER HALIDE CRYSTALS AND THEIR IONIC CONDUCTIVITY BEHAVIOR

WANG SU-E, CUI XUE-FU, YANG XIN-MIN, CHENG HU-MIN, WANG YU-PING

1985, 3(4): 17-23. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.17

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Three kinds of different tabular silver halide crystals with various distribution of iodide ions were prepared. Their micro-structure analyses in the microaneas of a crystal were determined by combination of scanning transmissive electron microscopy (STEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The dielectric losses of tabular silver crystals with different structures and tabular silver halide crystals having the same structure, but with various amount of iodide ions were examined.

STUDY OF PHOTOSTABILIZING EFFECT OF HINDERED AMINE PHOTOSTABILIZER GW-540

PAN JIAN-QING, ZHANG CAN, MA ZHEN-MIN

1985, 3(4): 24-30. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.24

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The photostabilization mechanism of Tri-(-1, 2, 2, 6, 6-penta-methyl piperidinyl) phosphite (GW-540) for polymer was studied by means of determination of mechanical properties, ESR, IR, oxygen up-take as well as experiment of sensitized photo-oxidation using methylene blue. The experimental results show that the GW-540 possesses a good photostabilizing effectiveness, it can produce stable nitroxy free radical (>NO^·) during the photostabilization process, decompose macro-hydroperoxide and quench singlet oxygen. The protostabilizing action of GW-540 may be due to the auto-synergistic action of polyfuction including hydroperoxide decomposition, free radical seaverging and singlet oxygen quenching.

PHOTOOXIDATION OF SEVERAL ORGANIC SULF1DES SENSITISED BY 9, 10-D1CYANOANTHRACENE

Xu DA-NIAN, Xu BO-YU, CUI GUO-ZHU, Wu SHI-KANG

1985, 3(4): 31-37. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.31

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The fluorescence quenching processes of 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) by organic sulfides have been studied, and the fluorescent emissions from exciplexes have been observed for the DCA-sulfide systems. These seem to be the evidences supporting an electron-transfer mechanism. Diphenylsulfide, which is difficult to oxidize by singlet oxygen, dibutylsulfide and dihydroxyeSthylsulfide have been oxidized by using DCA as pho-tosensitizer. The reaction mechanism may be such a process: electron-transfer——formation of superoxide——oxidation of sulfide.

1985, 3(4): 37-37. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.37

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IODINATED POLYSTYRENE: A NEGATIVE ELECTRON BEAM AND DEEP UV RESIST

GAO ZHI-MIN, YANG YONG-TUAN, FENG SHU-JING

1985, 3(4): 38-42. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.38

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Iodinated polystyrene (IPS) is synthesized by direct iodination of polystyrene and has been evaluated as negative electron beam and deep UV resist. The sensitivity of IPS to electron beam is 1.5×10^-6 C/cm^-2 and the resolution is 0.75 μm. The contrast is 2. It is found that the crosslinking does not proceed in vacuum after electron beam exposure.A pratical exposure time of 20 s was achieved for IPS with 500 W JB-05 deep UV printer and images of 1.0 μm lime pattern are obtained.If 1% IPS dichloroethane solution is irradiated by 2537Å UV lamp the solution will become violet which is attributed to iodine formation.

A STUDY OF ESR SPECTRA OF ACTIVE RADICALS FORMED IN PHOTOCHEMICAL HYDROGEN ABSTRA-CTION REACTION BETWEEN ALCOHOL AND BENZOPHENONE

XU GUANG-ZHI, XU HONG-LIN, LIU YANG, SONG XIN-QI

1985, 3(4): 43-47. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.43

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Active radicals formed in the photochemical hydrogen abstraction between alcohol and benzophenone have been studied with the combination of ESR spectroscopy and spin trapping technique. The results show that: 1. For n-CnH_2n+1OH (n=1, 2,…8), benzophenone abstrats hydrogen from the α-C of alcohol to form n-C_n-1 H_2n-1 CHOH radicals. 2. For (CH₃)₂CH(CH₂)_nOH (n=0, 1,2), benzophenone abstracts hydrogen fromtertiary carbon of alcohol to form (CH₃)₂C(CH₂)_nOH radicals. 3. For RCH₂OH (R=CH₂=CH, C₆H₅), benzophenone abstracts hydrogen from α-Cof RCH₂OH to form RCHOH.

ACTIVE EFFECT OF CHAIN AND GROUPS IN THE PHOTOSENSITIZED POLYMERIZATION

WANG ER-JIAN, CHANG ZHI-YING

1985, 3(4): 48-54. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.48

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An anomalous molecular weight distribution (MWD) with double peaks was observed in the bulk photopolymerization of MMA using 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophe-none (DMPA) as an initiator in the presence of oxygen. The high MW peak appeared only in the PMMA obtained in the presence of oxygen and dependented on the concentration of DMPA, oxygen content in the system, irradiation time and additives. The results obtained indicate that the sequential polymerization occurs, owing to the photoc-leavage of active benzyl peroxide groups at polymer chain end and the formation of new polymer radicals. It results in forming macromolecules with unusual high molecular weights and then presenting the bimodal molecular weight distribution.

THE INFLUENCE OF ESTERIFICATION AND PHTHALATION ON THE COAGULATING PROPERTY OF PHOTOGRAPHIC GELATIN

CHEN DI, PENG BI-XIAN

1985, 3(4): 55-56. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.55

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The combined modification (phthalation followed esterification) of gelatin and the effect of esterification on the isoelectric point of phthalated gelatin were studied. The experimental results showed. 1. The isoeleetric point of the parent alkali-processed gelatin is 4.57. 2. After the carboxy groups of gelatin were esterified with ethanol, the isoeleetric point of esterified gelatin may be raised up to 5.78 even to 9.60 depending on the degree of esterification. 3. The isoeleetric point of esterified and then phthalated gelatin (PEA gelatin) was 0.48 pH unit higher than that of phthalated gelatin (PA gelatin). 4. The coagulating property of PA and PEA gelatin differs greatly.

THE GRAFT REACTION OF HYDROLYZED PRODUCTS OF 1, 3, 5-TRICHLORO-TRIAZINE WITH GELATIN

CHEN DI, PENG BI-XIAN

1985, 3(4): 57-60. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1985.04.57

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In the present paper the reaction of hydrolyzed products of 1,3,5-trichloro-triazine (TCTA) with gelatin macromolecule was studied. When the hydrolysis proceeds under the conditions of 50℃, pH 9-10 and the duration less than 2 hours, the main product is 1-hydroxy-3,5-dichloro-triazine (HYDCTA), the two active chloro groups can react with gelatin macromolecule and form network cross-linking, leading to hardening of gelatin. When the hydrolysis duration of TCTA extended to 24 hours 1,3-dihydroxy 5-chloro-triazine (DIHYCTA) is the main product. DIHYCTA can not form network cross-linking with gelatin macromolecule but leaves the grafting reactivity toward the ammo-residuals contained in gelatin. When the graft reaction of DIHYCTA with gelatin is controlled at a favourite condition (50℃, DIHYCTA/gelatin 1:10-15, 24 hours), annew modified gelatin (DIHYCTA-grafted gelatin) can be obtained and used as coagulating agent for emulsion-making. The performance characteristics of this modified gelatin can be summed up as follows: 1. higher isoelectric point (4.6 pH) than PA gelatin. 2. shorter induction period to start coagulation. 3. clear separation of gelatin silver halidc micelle from free water phase. 4. higher re-dispersion and re-dissolution pH>6.0. 5. the main trouble with this modified gelatin is the relatively longer time required for thorough redispersion, in general 20 minutes is the minimal at 50℃ and at highspeed stirring.

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