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Table of Content
20 February 1994, Volume 12 Issue 1
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AN IMAGING PROCESS WITH MULII-STAGEAMPLIFlCATION BY COPPER PHYSHICAL DEVELOPMENT III.THE DISTRIBUTION OF COPPER AND SILVER WITHIN THE FINAL IMAGE AND THE REDUCTION OF Au
3+
BY GELATIN IN NON-IMAGE AREA
ZHANG YI-HENG, ZHUANG SI-YONG, XIE SHAO-LUAN, HAN XIN-MIN, REN XIN-MIN
1994, 12(1): 1-5. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.1
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The distribution of copper and silver within the final image obtained by copper phys-ical development and the reduction of Au
3+
by gelatin in non-image area were studied.Itwas indicated that the copper content increases with the increase of depth,whereas the sil-ver content decreases with the increase of depth,The shift of the bind energy of Ag3d to alow value shows that the silver in the interior of the image is in a mixed state of monoatomsand polyatoms,but the silver at the image surface is exclusively in a monoatomic state.Ifthe time of copper physical development is long enough,copper will completely cover silver.From then on the copper physical development continues because of the autocatalysis ofnewly formed copper.It was shown that much more chloroauric acid was absorbed in thenon-image area and hence the deposition speed of copper was much faster than that in theimage area.Gelatin can reduce Au
3+
.The reduction process might be divided into twosteps.The first step, which is fast at the room temperature,is the formation of Au
+
,andthe second step,which is relatively slow,is the formation of gold.Au
+
and gold mightact as catalytic nuclei during the copper physical development depositing copper in thenon-image area.
THE PHOTOGRAPHIC PROPERTY OF THE EPITAXIAL AgCl/AgBr EMULSION
LI Xiao-Lin, ZHOU BEN-MAO
1994, 12(1): 6-10. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.6
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A Series of epitaxial octahedral AgCl/AgBr emulsions have been prepared,and the chloride distributions of the epitaxial emulsion grains were measured by employing energydisperse spectroscopy-scanning transmissive electron microscopy(EDS-STEM).It wasfound that the prefered sites in AgCl growing on the host AgBr octahedral are alwaysthe corners,whatever the amount of AgCl is in the epitaxial AgCl/AgBr emulsion。The fluorescence of the AgCl became more abundant in increasing the ratio of AgCl to AgBr,while the emission wavelenthh maintained at 510 nm.The emission of AgBr appeared at 600 nm,no broad-band emission corresponding to AgBrCl was observed.The presenceof minor AgCl in the epitaxial AgCl/AgBr made the photographic sensitivity increasedapparently,nevertheless,high ratio of AgCl to AgBr led to the decrease of photographicsensitivity and fog.
STUDY ON THE STRUCTURE(CONFORMATI0N)AND PROPERTIES 0F COLLAGEN/GELATIN Ⅳ.THE RESEARCH 0N THE AMPHOTERIC ELECTROLYTE CHARACTER OF 4 DIFFERENT CONFORMATIONS OF ACID SOLUBLE COLLAGEN
JIN Gui-XIAN, CHEN Li-JUAN, PENG BI-XIAN
1994, 12(1): 11-16. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.11
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Research and determination of the amphoteric( property of 4 different conformationscontained in collagen have attracted the attention of Photo-gelatin researchers and biologists.The isoelectric point and its distribution values of different conformations(α
1
,β
12
and α
2
)of collagen(type)were determined by isoelectric focusing method.The determind values are of great importance not only for elucidating the SDS-PAGE behaviour ofdifferent conformations,but also for deepening our knowledge on the relationship betweenthe amphoteric property and their physical properties.
STUDY ON THE STRUCTURE(CONFORMATION)AND PROPERTIES OF COLLGEN/GELATIN V.THE STUDY OF THE COMPLEXING STATE BETWEEN COPPER IONS AND DIFFERENT CONFORMATIONS CONTAINED IN PHOTO-GELATIN
YUE AI-BING, LIU XUAN-YA, PENG BI-XIAN
1994, 12(1): 17-22. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.17
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The study of complexing state between copper ions and different conbrmation contained in photo-gelatins has been made with the CM-52 ion exchang chromatography andatomic absorption spectroscopy methods.The results show that the copper ions is complexed with the exposed free groups of different conformation(α,β and γ)components contained in photo-gelatin and existed in a stable manner.The magnitude of the complexingcapacity of different conformations can be arranged in the following sequence:γ>β>αThe complexing of copper ions with different conformation is so strong that the copperions can be considered to be the structure unit of the macromolecule of photo-gelatins.
THE INFLUENCES 0F PREPARATION METHOD ONSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF INTERNALLY FOGGED CORE-SHELL EMULSION
WANG RONG-QIN, YU QING, PENG BI-XIAN
1994, 12(1): 23-28. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.23
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A AgBrI emulsion was prepared by pAg-controlled double jet methods.Reductionsensitization was performed by silver digestion at low pAg values and high pH values(
D
0
>5.0),them more AgBr was precipitated on to the digested emulsion by the same double-jet procedure at defferent pH values(pH 2,4,6,8).The influence of the method of preparation on the structure and the properties of AgX microcrystals was studied in the PaPer.It was shown that with pH changes during shell-formation grain size increase,thecrystal shape was transformed from regular octahedal to rouned octahedral,and thedensity by surface development and the ionic conductivity increase but density by internal development decrease.At the same pH,the density by surface development was downrapidly with the change of the core-shell ratio of 1:0.5,1:1,1:2,1:3.
THE PREPARATION AND THE APPLICATION OF INTERNALLY SENSITIZED CORE-SHELL EMULSIONS
YuQiNG, WANG RONG-QIN, PENG BI-XIAN
1994, 12(1): 29-34. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.29
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Internally sensitized core-shell emulsions were prepared and it was shown that smallsilver specks formed on the surface of the core emulsion behave like hole traps.Whenthese emulsions were mixed with surface-sensitized emulsions, the sensitivity,contrast and maximum density increased.In this paper,the influence of some factors on the preparation process are studied and the function of the internally sensitized emulsions in the systermare discussed.
THE INFLUENCE OF DOPED Ca
2+
IONS ON THE PHOTOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES OF SILVER HALIDE EMULSIONS
CUIXUE-FU, RONG HUI-LIN, CUI BAO-HI, WANG SU-E, CHENG HU-MIN
1994, 12(1): 35-38. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.35
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A series of Ca
2+
doped AgBr and Ag[Br,I], emulsions was prepared.The effect ofdoped Ca
2+
ions with differents on the spectra of dielectric loss and photographic sensitivities of AgBr and Ag[Br,I]emulsions was studied.The dielectric absorption peaks of silverhalide emulsions shift to lower frequency due to the doping with。The sensitivitiesof Ca
2+
.doped emulsions increase in certian degree.
ESR/ HOLOGRAPHIC STUDY ON PHOTOREDUCTION OF Cr(VI)INFLUENCED BY ELECTRON DONORS
WANG GUO-PING, CHEN QI-RUI, GUO LU-RONG, DAI CHAO-MING
1994, 12(1): 39-44. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.39
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The influence of electron donors,dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)and N,N′-dimethylformamide(DMF),on the rate of photo reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(Ⅲ) was studied.Electron Spin Res-onance (ESR) absorptions and holography indicated that both DMSO and DMF acceleratethe photoreduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(Ⅲ),and DMSO is more effective than DMF.
STUDY ON THE AGGREATION OF GA-SULFO PHTHALOCYANINE
WU XING, ZHANG AI-GUANG, YAO RONG, ZHANG Guo-LIN, XU ZHI-QING, PAN LAN
1994, 12(1): 45-50. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.45
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The aggregation of Ga-sulfopthlocyanine has been studied.Dimerization constantsare reported.The effects of pH, ionic strength,water,temperature, and sulfonation numberon the aggregation are also discussed.The experimental results show that Ga-sulfophth-alocyanine aggregative reaction can be expressed as follows: 2SPcGaOH⇔(SPcGa)
2
O+H
2
O It also shows that the greater the ionic strength,the sulfonation number,and the concentration of water the greater the dimerization constants of Ga-sulfophthalocyanine willbe.
PHOTODIMERIZATION OF 4′-FORMYL-4-STILBAZOLE COMPOUNDS IN SOLID MEDIA
LI MIAO-ZHEN, NIE JUN, CHANG ZHI-YING, WANG ER-JIAN
1994, 12(1): 51-57. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.51
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Phototodimerizatins of four Stibazole compouds(FSA)in different polymer films werestudied.The results of absorption and emission spectra show that the compouds possessstronger molecular aggregation which will affect photochemical behaviors of FSA singnificantly.The photodimerizattion rates of FSA in solid media will depend on the molecular structure,concentration and micro-environment properties.Under the given condition,itis possible to prepare a new kind of photo crosslinking system with high photoresponse.
STM STUDY ON PHOTOLUMINESCENT POROUS SILICON SURRACE
LI XUE-PING, LIN RUI-FENG, ZHANG ZHEN-ZONG, WANG WEI-BUO, LIU YAO, XIAO XU-RUI
1994, 12(1): 58-61. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.58
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The microstructure and morphology of photoluminescent porous silicon have beenstudied by using scanning tunneling microscope(STM).The changes of the sponge-likeporous structure observed on chemically etched silicon surface are quantitatively indicatedby the changes of the roughness parameters
R
a
,
R
q
,and
R
y
.The porous silicon formed bysimple chemcial etching,like the porous silicon produced anodically, can also emit visible luminescence at room temperature;and their emitting properties are closely related to theformation conditions.The results provide microstructure information for supporting the quantum coulinement effect as the luminescence mechanism.
1994, 12(1): 62-70. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.62
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A SIMPLE AND CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE DETERMINAION OF SENSTIZED MAXIMUM OF SENSIEIZING DYE ON SILVER HALIDE
RAN QI-FEN, PENG BI-XIAN
1994, 12(1): 71-73. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.71
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In this paper a simple and cinvenient method was developed for the determinationof sensitized maximum of sensitizing dye on silver halide emulsion microcrystals.A scannedof spectrally sensitized emulsions were coated with thickness of 4μm,dried and scanned with Hewlett packard 8451A spectrophotometer.The sensitized maximum appears when 4.0×10
-6
mol/mol AgX of the dye was added and the sensitized maximum intensity isincreased with the increase of the dye amount added to the emulsion.
THE MECHANISM OF DEVELOPMENT INHIBITION——AN ELECTROCHEMICAL APPROACH
CHEN SI-HAI, JI SU-XUE, REN XIN-MIN
1994, 12(1): 74-79. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.74
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The mechanism of development inhibiton was investigated with electrochemical methodIt was found that the whole process of development inhibition can be expressed as the mathematic addition of anodic and cathodic inhibition processed.Both anodic and cathodicprocesses were suppressed by the inhibitors,but the effect of inhibitor on the rate of anodicdevelopment process was stronger than that of the cathodic process.
A STUDY ON THE PHOTOPHYSICAL BEHAYVIOR OF 2-PYRAZOLINE COMPOUNDS-COMPETITION OF TWO MECHANISMS IN THE PROCESS OF PHOTOINDUCED INTRAMOLECULAR CHARGE TRANSFER
Yan ZHENG-LIN, WU SHI-KANG
1994, 12(1): 80-85. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.80
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In this work,a new kind of 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazoline compound has been synthesized.Their photophysical behavior including solvent polarity and acid-base effects onthe fluorescence spectra was investigated. Results indicated that this compound not onlypossesses strong solvatochromic effect but also can be used as an acid-base indicator in non-aqueous solvents.Results also proved in further that a competition of two mechanisms of intramolecular charge transfer was existed indeed in the excited molecule of substitutedtriaryl pyrazolines.
THE PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAV1OR OF A NOVEL MODIFIED CDS ELECTRODE
HE RONG, KONG WEI-HUO, DONG QING-HUA
1994, 12(1): 86-89. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.86
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The photo electrochemical behavior of a novel modified CdS electrode was studied.The photocurrent of the modified electrode in aqueous solution showed a considerable increase and the photocurrent spectrum showed a new peak.It was concluded that a newcompound was formed on the surface of the CdS electrode and the photocurrent of themodified CdS electrode was the sum of that of CdS and the new compound.
1994, 12(1): 90-92. DOI:
10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1994.01.90
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