关键词: 四维超声, 分娩方式, 产后, 盆底功能障碍

Abstract: This study was to investigate the screening effect of perineal four-dimensional ultrasound on mild pelvic floor dysfunction in postpartum women with different delivery methods. 75 patients with pelvic floor dysfunction were divided into natural delivery group (n=50), forceps delivery group (n=25) and control group (n=85). Four-dimensional ultrasonography of the perineum was performed with color Doppler ultrasonography to diagnose uterine prolapse, prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall, bulge of the anterior rectal wall, puborectalis muscle tear, and bladder neck motion. Check the anterior and posterior diameter of the pelvic diaphragm hiatus (LHAP), the left and right diameter of the pelvic diaphragm hiatus (LHLR), the area of the pelvic diaphragm hiatus (LHA), and the maximum movement of the bladder neck under resting, Valsalva maneuvers and anal contraction maneuvers. The results showed that the detection rate of perineal four-dimensional ultrasound in 75 patients with anterior vaginal wall prolapse, anterior rectal wall bulge, puborectalis muscle tear, and increased bladder neck motion were all higher than that of clinical examination (P<0.05). Under resting, Valsalva maneuvers, and anal contraction maneuvers, the levels of LHLR, LHAP, and LHA in the natural delivery group and forceps delivery group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in LHLR, LHAP and LHA between the natural delivery group and the forceps delivery group (P>0.05). The maximum mobility of bladder neck in natural delivery group and forceps delivery group was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). It is confirmed that transperineal four-dimensional ultrasound plays an important role in screening pelvic floor dysfunction in early postpartum women.

Key words: four-dimensional ultrasound, mode of delivery, postpartum, pelvic floor dysfunction