IMAGING SCIENCE AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY

SYNTHESIS OF LARGERING COMPOUNDS VIA INTRAMOLECULAR PHOTOCYCLOADDITION OF BICHROMOPHORIC COMPOUNDS WITHIN REACTION CAVITIES IN LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE FILMS

YUAN Zhenyu, WU Lizhu, TONG Zhenhe(Chen Ho Tung), Richard G. Weiss

1999, 17(3): 193-198. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.193

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The construction of macrocyclic compounds continues to be an important topic in synthetic organic chemistry^[1]. A molecule with two reactive groups separated by a flexible link may undergo either intramolecular or intermolecular reactions. Intramolecular reaction gives macrocyclic ring-closure products, while intermolecular reaction results in dimers, oligomers and polymers. Thus, cyclization suffers from the competition from intermolecular reactions and occurs in good chemical yields only at very low concentrations.

STUDY ON BENZOTHIAZOLATE DERIVATIVE AS NOVEL EMITTING MATERIALS IN BLUE ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES

ZHANG Xiaohong, WU Shikang, GAO Zhiqiang, LAI W Y, LI Zhensheng(LEE C S), KUANG Hailun(KWONG Hoilun), LI Shutang(LEE Shuittong)

1999, 17(3): 199-202. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.199

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Benzothiazolate derivative (BT) with high fluorescence quantum yield was synthesized and firstly used as dopant in blue organic electroluminescent devices. The devices structure ITO/TPD/DPBI:2% BT/DPBI/Mg:Ag was employed, in which TPD is N,N’-bis(3methylphenyl)N,N’-diphenyl1, 1’-biphenyl-4, 4’-diamine and used as a hole transport layer (HTL);DPBI is a dimer of Narylbenzimidazoles and functioned as host and electron transporter. In the device with BT as dopant, blue emission peak around 475 nm and a luminance of 1260 cd/m² was achieved at a current density of about 400 mA/cm². The current efficiency of this device is about 0.50 cd/A at 5 V.

THE INFLUENCE OF TAI ON DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPMENT CENTERS IN CUBIC AgBrI EMULSION MICROCRYSTALS

ZHENG Tong, YANG Ruiqing, WANG Rongqin

1999, 17(3): 203-207. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.203

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Cubic AgBrI microcrystals (0.25 m) were prepared by doublejet method and the distibution of development centers in the microcrystals containing stabilizer TAI was measured by arrested development and electron microscope.The results indicate that the sensitization by TAI is obvious in S+Au sensitized AgBrI cubic emulsions but the sensitivity is not changed by TAI in unsensitized emulsions. The presence of TAI increases the grain fraction of development centers containing one and twocenterpergrain class.

TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED RELEASE OF AN AQUEOUS MARKER FROM LIPOSOMES COATED WITHNIPAM-ODA COPOLYMERS

SHI Xiangyang, SUN Caomin, WU Shikang

1999, 17(3): 208-216. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.208

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To study the temperature-controlled release behavior of the liposome coated with an amphiphilic copolymer which is temperaturesensitive, the copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and octadecyl acrylate (ODA) was synthesized. The phenomenon of LCST(Lower Critical Solution Temperature)of the copolymer in aqueous solution with the increase of the temperature was studied by using fluorescence probe method. Results showed that the obvious phase separation occurs when temperature was increased to 30. The release property of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) coated with the copolymer was studied by using 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (5(6)-CF) as a water soluble marker. Results showed that the coating of the copolymer on the liposomal surface resulted in reduction of the release below 30 and enhancement of the release above 30. It indicated that the temperature-controlled release behavior of the liposome was directly related to the phase separation behavior of the coating copolymer when temperature was increased to its LSCT. Moreover, fluorescence polarization method was used to study the influence of the coating copolymer on the fluidity of the liposomal membrane. Results showed that at temperature below 30 the fluidity of the liposomal membrane increased with the increase of temperature; however, at temperature above 30 the fluidity of the liposomal membrane decreased with the increase of temperature. It further indicated that the copolymer which was bound at the surface of the liposome can destroy the liposomal membrane when temperature was increased at or above its LCST.

STUDY ON THE PREPERATION OF SHELL LAYER OF MULT-ISTRUCTURE SILVER BROMOIODIDE CUBIC MICROCRYSTALS

KUANG Yina, PENG Yanbin, MA Fengyun, ZHOU Benmao

1999, 17(3): 217-224. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.217

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The preparation of shell layer of multi-structure silver bromoiodide cubic microcrystals was studied. During the preparation of shell layer, the pAg value TAI and ammonia affected crystal growth and renucleation apparently. For AgBr cubes, the number of renucleated crystals was increased with the increase of pAg value or the adding of TAI under the same reactant addition rate. The crystal habit was transferred from cube to octahedra when TAI existed. The number of renucleated crystals was decreased when ammonia existed.The sensitivity wasn’t increased apparently when adding rate ratio of the reactant reached 13.3 under the condition of our experiments. But it was affected by silver quantity ratio between seed and shell. Sensitivity was increased about 80% when the silver quantity ratio between seed and shell was increased from 0.831 to 4.51, at the same time fog was almost unchanged.

THE PHOTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES RESEARCH OF NOVEL WATER SOLUBLE THIOXANTHONE PHOTOINITIATORS

QIAN Zhen, ZHAO Changkuo, WANG Jindi, QI Guozhen, CHEN Jingrong

1999, 17(3): 226-231. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.226

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The photochemical properties of eight novel water-soluble thioxanthone photoinitiators were studied by UV absorption, fluorescence and ESR. The maximal UV absorption wavelength and extinction coefficient, fluorescence quantum yield and the signal intensity of ESR were determined. The relationship between the structure and the photochemical properties was also discussed.

THE PROPERTIES OF THE EXCITEDSTATE OF ASYMMETRIC PENTAAZADENTATE MACROCYCLIC CADMIUM AND INDIUM COMPLEXES

GUO Fengqi, , WANG Duoyuan

1999, 17(3): 232-238. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.232

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The properties of the excitedstate asymmetric pentaazadentate macrocyclic Cadmium and Indium complexes and the stability under the visible light are studied. The results show that the energies of the lowest excited triplet state of them are about 120 kJ/mol, the quantum yields of them for generating singlet oxygen are in the range of 0.6-0.9, the first-order molecular hypersusceptibility are about 10^-28 esu. Under the visible light, complex is stable, while complex has a less stability.

STUDY ON THE INTERACTION OF SENSITIZING DYES-SILVER HALIDE MICROCRYSTAL AND FORMATION OF AGGREGATES

SHI Yao, ZHAO Wenfang, LI Zhenxing, LI Qun, YAN Wenpeng, SAIJO H., SHIOJIRI M.

1999, 17(3): 239-246. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.239

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The effects of the structures of spectral sensitization dyes on photographic properties and on ionic conductivity of cubic AgX emulsion were investigated. The aggregations of dyes on AgX microcrystum and size distributions of J-aggregates by reflection spectrum and ACFEM were studied in this paper. The results show that all dyes used in this paper can form J-aggregate on cubic AgX emulsion, and the average size of J-aggregates of 5substituted thiacarbocyanine dyes is larger than that of 5-unsubsltltuted one. Thiacarbocyanine dyes which are 5substituted by electrondrawing groups or campact can increase ionic conductivity of emulsion. Thiacarbocyanine dyes are sensitizing dyes. The 6-nitro substituted indocarbocyanine dye is a typical desensitizing dye and their J-aggregates on cubic AgX emulsion are small but has no effect on ionic conductivity of emulsion.

KINETIC AND APPLIED STUDY OF UV LIGHT PHOTOSENSITIVEINITIATING POLYMERIZATION OF METHYLMETHACRYLATEBY BIIMIDAZOLE PHOTOSENSITIVE SYSTEM

XU Jinqi, GAO Fang, YANG Yongyuan, LI Lidong, FENG Shujing

1999, 17(3): 247-252. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.247

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The ultraviolet photosensitive initiating system is composed of 4,4’-bis(N,N’-dimethylamino) benzophenone (MK), 2-chlorohexaarylbiimidazole (o-Cl-HABI) and a hydrogen donor coinitiator ndodecyl mercaptan (SH). Under the irradiation by high pressure mercury lamp, the relationship between the photopolymerization rate of MMA and the concentration of each component of the system, including MK, o-Cl-HABI, SH and MMA, was studied. The excellent results have been obtained through studying the system’s application on PS printing plate.

STUDY ON THE PREPERATION OF IODIDERICH PHASE OF MULTISTRUCTURE SILVER BROMOIODIDE CUBIC MICROCRYSTALS

KUANG Yina, PENG Yanbin, GAO Yansheng, ZHOU Benmao

1999, 17(3): 253-257. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.253

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Different preperation methods (KBr-KI、AgI、organic RI) of iodide-rich phase were studied in this experiments. It was observed that iodide-rich methods affected photographic sensitivity of the emulsion prepared apparently. The difference of distribution of iodide ions in AgX microcrystals and dislocation on the surface of the microcrystals, as explored by XRD, may explain the change of sensitivity.

THE PRODUCTS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL AND THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF DIPHENYLAMINE DIAZONIUM SALTS IN ETHANOL

CHEN Jinyu, ZHAO Chao, CAO Shuguang, CAO Weixiao

1999, 17(3): 258-263. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.258

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The products of the photochemical and thermal decompositions of diphenylamine-4-diazonium salt (DDS), 3-methoxy-diphenylamine-4-diazonium salt (MODDS), N-methyl diphenylamine-4-diazonium salt (NMDDS), and carbazol-3-diazonium salt (CDS) in ethanol were investigated. It was shown that the photochemical decomposition mainly produces ethoxy substituted product of corresponding diazonium salt via the heterolytic cleavage of CN bond. The thermal decomposition, however, produces only the reduced product via the homolytic cleavage of CN bond.

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, ADN INVESTIGATION OF PHOTOCHROMIC PROPERTIES OF TWO NOVEL CATIONIC INDOLINOSPIROPYRANS

HE Wei, ZHOU Jinwei, SUI Qiang, LI Zhongjiea, WANG Yanqiao

1999, 17(3): 264-269. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.264

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Two novel cationic indolinospirpoyrans, 1′-(n-butyltriethylammonium iodide)-3′,3′-dimethyl-6-nitro-8-methoxyspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-indoline] and 1′-(n-butyltriethylammonium iodide)-3′,3′-dimethyl-6,8-dinitrospiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-indoline], were synthesized and characterized by suitable methods. The structures and configurations of MC and SP of the two compounds are assigned via their 1H NMR spectra. The photochromism properties of the two compounds were investigated. It was found that the former one shows normal photochromism and the later one shows negative photochromism. The decoloration and coloration process of the two compounds fit first-order kinetics very well, and their rate constants are 1.21×10^-2s^-1 and 4.0×10^-5s^-1, respectively.

PHOTOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES OF ULTRAFINE AgBrI EMULSIONS

LIAN Wei, ZHENG Tong, LI Zhenxing, WANG Rongqin, TANG Dagang

1999, 17(3): 270-274. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.270

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;Three ultrafine AgBrI emulsions were prepared with different sizes. It was observed that the ionic conductions were directly proportional to the grain size, whereas the photoelectron life times were inversely proportional to the grain size. The sensitivities and contrasts of these emulsions would be increased obviously when they were sensitized with (NH₂)CSO₂. The chemical sensitized effect of (NH₂)CSO₂ is better than sulfursensitization, goldsensitization and sulfurplusgoldsensitization.

1999, 17(3): 275-283. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.275

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1999, 17(3): 284-287. DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.1999.03.284

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