Abstract: In this research, 96 children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in our hospital were selected as the research group, and 96 healthy children were randomly selected as the control group to conduct a prospective cohort study. The ultrasound carotid parameters were detected, as well as serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels, on which comparative analysis was performed. It was found that the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), mean wall cross-sectional area (WCSA), serum sTREM-1 and suPAR levels of the study group were higher than those of the control group. And the degree of vascular wall motion (△D) was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between TG, TC, urine NAG, β₂-MG, 24h Upro and cIMT, WCSA, serum sTREM-1, suPAR levels in children with PNS, and a negative correlation between TG, TC, urine NAG, β₂-MG, 24h Upro and △D (P<0.05). With the increase of cIMT, WCSA, serum sTREM-1, suPAR levels and the decrease of △D, the risk of PNS gradually increased (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.914, which combined cIMT, △D, WCSA, serum sTREM-1 and suPAR to predict acute kidney injury in children with PNS. Based on these results, it is suggested that the cIMT, WCSA and the expression levels of serum sTREM-1 and suPAR in children with PNS are significantly increased, and △D is abnormally decreased, which has a significant correlation with the increase of blood lipids and decreased renal function in children.

Key words: primary nephrotic syndrome, ultrasound carotid artery parameters, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), acute kidney injury