显影机理的正电子化学研究

doi:10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.2000.01.18

影像科学与光化学 ›› 2000, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1): 18-24.DOI: 10.7517/j.issn.1674-0475.2000.01.18

显影机理的正电子化学研究

宫竹芳¹, 张宜恒^1,2,3, 姜志全^1,2,3, 徐绪国^1,2,3, 闫天堂^1,2,3, 俞书勤², 庄思永⁴, 彭必先⁵

1. 中国科学技术大学应用化学系, 合肥230026;
2. 中国科学技术大学近代物理系, 合肥230026;
3. 中国科学技术大学化学物理系, 合肥230026;
4. 华东理工大学精细化工研究所, 上海200237;
5. 华东理工大学精细化工研究所, 上海200237

收稿日期:1999-02-05 修回日期:1999-06-02 出版日期:2000-02-20 发布日期:2000-02-20
通讯作者: 张宜恒
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助课题(批准号:29876038)

POSITRON CHEMISTRY OF THE DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM

GONG Zhufang¹, ZHANG Yiheng^1,2,3, JIANG Zhiquan^1,2,3, XU Xuguo^1,2,3, YAN Tiantang^1,2,3, YU Shuqin², ZHUANG Siyong⁴, PENG Bixian⁵

1. Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026;
2. Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026;
3. Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026;
4. Institute of Fine Chemical Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China;
5. Institute of Photographic Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China

Received:1999-02-05 Revised:1999-06-02 Online:2000-02-20 Published:2000-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用正电子湮没技术(PAT)研究了照相明胶中的自由体积空穴在显影过程中的作用机理,为显影过程中银丝的生成机理探讨了一个新的模式,并为感光科学的研究拓展了一种新的研究技术和手段.结果表明:明胶的自由体积空穴的平均尺寸在显影过程中基本保持不变.照相明胶的自由体积空穴在电子密度空间限制了银离子还原为银原子的过程,并使得银原子的沉积生长以丝状的形式进行.照相明胶大分子结构和组份的复杂性导致了其自由体积空穴在空间分布无序混乱性,可能正是这种无序混乱性导致了银丝缠绕成团的松散空间结构.

关键词: 照相明胶, 自由体积空穴, 显影过程, 正电子湮没技术

Abstract: The mechanism of action of free volume holes in photographic gelatin in developing processes was investigated by Positron Annihilation Technique(PAT) for the first time. In this work, a new mechanism has been proposed to account for the formation of silver thread in development. The application of PAT has introduced a new research technology and method into photographic science. The results showed that the average radius of free volume holes maintained constant on the whole in development. The free volume holes in gelatin may restrain the process of the silver ion to be reduced to silver atom in the space of the different electron cloud density, therefor the production and deposition of silver atom occurred in filamentary form. The free volume holes distributed over photographic gelatin macromolecule confusedly because of the complexity in structure and component. It is probably the confusion that leads to loose spatial structure of silver needle twisting into balls.

Key words: photographic gelatin, free volume hole, development process, positron annihilation technology

宫竹芳, 张宜恒, 姜志全, 徐绪国, 闫天堂, 俞书勤, 庄思永, 彭必先. 显影机理的正电子化学研究[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 2000, 18(1): 18-24.

GONG Zhufang, ZHANG Yiheng, JIANG Zhiquan, XU Xuguo, YAN Tiantang, YU Shuqin, ZHUANG Siyong, PENG Bixian. POSITRON CHEMISTRY OF THE DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM[J]. Imaging Science and Photochemistry, 2000, 18(1): 18-24.

参考文献

1 Wood H W. The adsorption of gelatin to developed silver and the role of gelatin in development. J. Photogr. Sci., 1961,9:84
2 Van Veelen G F, Borginon H. Influence of gelatin on photographic characteristics of silver bromide suspensions. J. Photogr. Sci., 1969,17:81
3 Haist G. In: Clark W, ed. Modern Photographic Processing. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Inc., 1979.289
4 Land E H, Farney L C, Morse M M. Solubilization by incipient development. Photogr. Sci. & Eng., 1971,15:4
5 张天保. 正电子湮没时间选择能谱仪的发展和应用.物理 1990 19(4):228
Zhang T B. The development and application of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy.Chinese Physics 1990 19(4):228
6 Dupasquier A, Hautoj〗rvi P, Mannienen M J, et al. In: Hautoj〗rvi P, ed. Positions in Solids. New York: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heideberg, 1979. 3
7 李桂芝施良和叶美玲.正电子湮没技术在高分子材料中的应用.高分子通报 1995 2:79～81
Li G Z Shi L H Ye M L.The applications of positron annihilation technology in polymer materials.Chinese Polymer Bulletin 1995 2:79～81
8 Kelly T M. Positron annihilation in silver halide. Photogr. Sci. & Eng., 1973, 17:201
9 Jean Y C. Positron annihilation spectroscopy for chemical analysis: a novel probe for microstructural analysis of polymers. J.Microchemical, 1990,42:72～102
10 Lin D, Wang B, Li X H, et al. Positron annihilation studies in PMMA polymer. Materials Sci. Forum, 1992, 105～110:1637～1640
11 Kluin J E, Fanpel F. Positron lifetime spectroscopy in polystyrene. Materials Sci. Forum, 1992, 105～110:1613～1616
12 Nakanishi H, Jean Y C. In: Schrader D M, Jean Y C, eds. Positron and Positronium Chemistry. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.159
13 James T H. The Theory of the Photographic Process. 4th edition, New York: Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., 1977.102
14 张宜恒宫竹芳王峰.内敏乳剂的正电子湮没研究.化学物理学报 1998 11(4):348
Zhang Y H Gong Z F Wang F.A study of positron annihilation of internally sensitive emulsions. Chinese J. Chem. Phys. 1998 11(4):348
15 Perry E J. Effect of the protective colloid on the ratio of chemical to physical development in silver bromide soles. Photogr. Sci. & Eng., 1961,5(6):355

[1]	李东芹, 黄碧霞, 岳军, 周涛. 明胶与Ag⁺相互作用的XPS研究[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 2004, 22(3): 169-174.
[2]	张宜恒, 谭戟, 闫天堂, 俞书勤, 庄思永, 彭必先. 照相明胶与化学增感剂相互作用的XPS研究[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1999, 17(2): 120-127.
[3]	张宜恒, 李洁, 闫天堂, 俞书勤, 庄思永, 彭必先. 照相明胶中硫存在形态的XPS研究[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1998, 16(4): 314-320.
[4]	傅延勋, 阎天堂, 饶秀芝. 热处理对照相明胶溶液粘度和分子量分布的影响[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1996, 14(1): 14-19.
[5]	黄碧霞, 尹屹梅, 五二, 岳晓辉, 曹心德. 凝胶过滤-原子吸收光谱法在研究照相明胶中的应用[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1995, 13(4): 301-306.
[6]	陈丽娟, 王彤, 彭必先. 明胶中α、β和γ三种构象的全分析[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1993, 11(4): 325-334.
[7]	陈丽娟, 彭必先. 明胶的构象组份随抽提次序变化的研究[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1993, 11(4): 342-348.
[8]	岳军, 黄碧霞, 熊芳, 孟东方, 艾景阮, 林淑钦, 陈树瑜, 岳艾兵. 照相明胶中铁的化学形态研究[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1992, 10(2): 159-164.
[9]	熊良文, 彭必先. 圆二色光谱法研究某些助剂对明胶大分子的多级结构的影响[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1989, 7(4): 1-5.
[10]	王庆岚, 彭必先. 电位法测定明胶的还原性[J]. 影像科学与光化学, 1987, 5(2): 1-5.

显影机理的正电子化学研究

POSITRON CHEMISTRY OF THE DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 10

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价