Table of Content

15 May 2021, Volume 39 Issue 3

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2021, 39(3):  0-0. 

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Review and Articles

Recent Progress of the Interaction Mechanism between Biomacromolecules with Ligands Based on Combining Spectroscopy Analysis with Molecular Docking

ZHOU Yudai, DAI Shuangxiong, TONG Bin, CAI Zhengxu, SHI Jianbing, DONG Yuping

2021, 39(3):  337-347.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201204

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In this article, the research works combing spectroscopy analysis with molecular docking calculations to explain the interaction between protein, DNA, and viral nucleic acid with ligands on molecular level were summarized. The changes in the intensity and position of spectra signals obtained by spectroscopy instruments including UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectrum, circular dichroic spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum were discussed, which could directly or indirectly obtain information about the structure changes of the macromolecule, the influence on specific groups, and the thermodynamic parameters when macromolecules interact with probes. Meanwhile, molecular docking calculations can simulate the interactions between ligand and receptor, such as docking position, binding energy, type and distance of the interactions, etc. Combining molecular docking with spectroscopy makes the analysis of binding mechanism between receptor and ligand more accurate and reliable. Finally, the research works in this field were summarized and their developments in the future were also prospected.

Recent Progress of Biological Imaging Based on Monochiral Semiconducting Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes

XU Wenjing, HOU Juncai, ZHAO Jianwen

2021, 39(3):  348-353.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.210402

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Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs) have shown obvious advantages in biomedical applications such as biological imaging, photothermal therapy and drug delivery. In particular, they exhibit excellent properties for biological imaging due to their inherent fluorescence and strong optical absorption in the near infrared biological window (0.7-1.4 μm). Sc-SWCNT can be used in not only fluorescently labeling cells in deep imaging in vivo, but also tracking and treating tumor cells, which have attracted widespread attention. The electronic band structure and photoelectric properties of sc-SWCNTs depend on their chirality. The advantages of sc-SWCNTs themselves can be maximized only when using monochiral sc-SWCNTs for biomedical applications. The separation of monochiral sc-SWCNTs and their applications in new optoelectronic devices and bioluminescence imaging have become research hotspots at the forefront of science and technology. In this paper, we will introduce the separation technology of sc-SWCNTs and the research progress of monochiral sc-SWCNTs in the field of biological imaging.

A Fluorescent Probe for Detecting the Iodide Ion in Aqueous Solution

LIU Luying, FAN Yuandong, WANG Jing, WANG Jingshan, XIE Haoyuan, XIE Lijun

2021, 39(3):  354-358.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201006

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In this paper, anhydrous citric acid and N-(β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyl) methyldimethoxysilane were used to prepare carbon quantum dots by hydrothermal method. The carbon quantum dot emits blue light, and the excitation wavelength and emission wavelength were 370 nm and 466 nm, respectively. Due to the heavy atom effect of iodine and the ability of iodine ions to easily donate electrons, fluorescence quenching occurs when carbon quantum dots encounter iodide ions in an aqueous solution. By measuring the fluorescence lifetime, it was found that there was a dynamic quenching effect between carbon quantum dots and iodide ions. Using this feature, a fluorescent probe for selective detection of iodide ions in aqueous solution was established. Optimize the influence of the dispersion solvent on the fluorescence intensity of carbon quantum dots, and the influence of response time and pH on the quenching efficiency. Under the optimal experimental conditions:the fluorescence change value (F₀-F) with the logarithm of iodide ion concentration was linear, the linear equation was Y=427.60X+646.88, R²=0.9945, and the linear range was 5×10^-7-5×10^-4 mol/L, the detection limit was 3.2×10^-8 mol/L. The recovery range was 101%-105% when three concentrations spiked were used to test the water samples.

Establishment and Application of Line Scan Direction Recognition Method Based on LSCM

LIU Shuangshuang, XIAO Guifeng, HONG Xiaoli, SHEN Yi

2021, 39(3):  359-363.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201122

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Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) is an indispensable tool for life science research because of its high resolution and imaging ability of optical slices. The slow imaging speed of the commonly used XY and XYZ scanning methods limits the tracking of fast phenomena in biological research. This article described an XT line scanning mode for real-time fast imaging and established a method for identifying the direction of line scanning. The line segments in different directions were drawn through the fluorescent spheres, so that one end of the line segment was close to the center of the fluorescent sphere and the other end was far away. The XT line scanning was performed on the line segment, and the scanning direction was judged by the distance between the fluorescence signal and the two ends. The operating methods of XT line scanning in Zeiss, Nikon and Olympus confocal microscopes were described in detail, and the differences of the line scanning direction were compared. This method to determine the line scanning direction is simple and easy to operate, and has universal applicability, which can provide guide for application for microscopic imaging practitioners and researchers.

Analysis of the Changes of MSCTP Parameters and Matrix Metalloproteinases before and after Intervention in Acute Cerebral Ischemia and the Value in Predicting Prognosis

LIU Yanfeng, WU Jie, ZHOU Tao

2021, 39(3):  364-368.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201003

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In this paper, a total of 122 patients with acute cerebral ischemia were selected for intervention. Multi-slice spiral CT perfusion (MSCTP) was performed before and after the intervention. The levels of MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in serum were also detected. At 7 days after the intervention, it was found that the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of the ischemic marginal zone and the ischemic central zone were higher than those before the intervention. The relative mean transit time (rMTT) was shorter than those before the intervention, and the serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were also lower than before. The AUC of rCBF in ischemic marginal zone and ischemic central zone combined with MMP-9 for predicting the poor prognosis of acute cerebral ischemia after 7 days of intervention was 0.933. In a word, it can be seen that the rCBF in the ischemic marginal zone and central ischemic zone increased, the rMTT shortened, and the serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels decreased in patients with acute cerebral ischemia 7 days after intervention. And there is a certain value of the combined prediction for evaluating the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral ischemia.

Application Value of Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Ultrasonic Elastography in Prostate Biopsy

LIN Bin, FANG Chenghua, HU Jing

2021, 39(3):  369-374.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201004

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The purpose of this study is to explore the application value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and ultrasonic elastography (UE) in prostate biopsy. Among 112 patients with suspected prostate cancer (PCa), 59 were positive (PCa) confirmed by prostate biopsy and 53 were negative (benign prostatic hyperplasia). The study found that the ultrasound elasticity score of patients with positive prostate biopsy was higher than that of negative patients, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value was lower than that of negative patients. Both were influencing factors for the positive prostate biopsy, and were significantly related to the positive prostate biopsy (P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the combination of ultrasound elasticity score and ADC value predicted AUC to be 0.859, which was higher than the single prediction. In addition, the ultrasound elasticity score and ADC value of patients with positive prostate biopsy were correlated with Gleason score (P<0.05). It can be seen that both DWI and UE have good diagnostic capabilities for PCa,and combined examinations can improve the detection rate of PCa by puncture, and can provide a basis for the evaluation of malignant degree and prognosis of tumor.

Effect of Large-pitch Scanning Combined with Energy Spectrum CT Double-low Subtraction in Carotid CTA and the Influence on the Dose of Radiation and Contrast Medium

ZHAO Xinyun, LI Man

2021, 39(3):  375-380.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201103

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In this paper, the application effect of large-pitch scanning combined with energy spectrum CT double-low subtraction in the process of carotid CT angiography (CTA) were explored, as well as the influence on the radiation dose and the dose of contrast agent. We chose 86 cases of cerebral insufficiency caused by carotid artery disease, and all patients underwent carotid CTA. Among them, 43 cases underwent conventional scanning mode as the control group, and the other 43 cases underwent large-pitch scanning combined with energy spectrum CT double low subtraction method as the study group. The results showed that the CT values of each segment of the carotid artery CTA in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The average score of image quality in the study group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The difference of suprasellar cortex in the study group was lower than that of the control group, 375 and the score of bone removal effect was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The dose length product (DLP) of the study group were less than those of the control group (P<0.05), as well as CT dose index (CTDlvol), effective dose (ED) and iodine intake. It can be seen that the application of large-pitch scanning and energy spectrum CT double-low subtraction for carotid CTA can significantly improve the inspection effect and the image quality, and reduce the radiation dose and the amount of contrast agent.

The Value of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound and Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Breast Non-mass-like Enhancement Lesions

LI Lihuan, WANG Fan

2021, 39(3):  381-385.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201111

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions of non-mass-like enhancement (NMLE). There were 120 patients with NMLE lesions who were selected and be examined by CEUS and DCE-MRI respectively. The experimental results showed that 92 cases of malignant lesions and 28 cases of benign lesions were confirmed by pathology. In CEUS, the proportion of high enhancement, fast-forward enhancement and fast-out regression in malignant lesions were significantly higher than that in benign lesions (P<0.05). In DCE-MRI, the proportion of malignant lesions with segmental distribution and internal enhancement in clusters were significantly higher than that of benign lesions (P<0.05), while the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was significantly lower than that of benign lesions (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between these two methods in the diagnostic efficacy for breast NMLE lesion. This study confirmed that CEUS and DCE-MRI have good application value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of NMLE.

The Value of Lumbar CT Sagittal Flexion Angle, End Plate Flexion Depth and the Difference of Bilateral Psoas Major Muscle Cross-sectional Area in the Diagnosis of LDH and the Relationship with the Degeneration

WANG Shaofeng, MENG Xiaoqing, WU Zhanyong, GAO Feng

2021, 39(3):  386-390.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201017

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of sagittal lumbar flexion angle, end plate flexion depth and the difference of cross-sectional area of bilateral psoas major muscle in the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), as well as the relationship with the degeneration. We selected 120 cases of LDH patients as the observation group, and 100 healthy people as the control group. The Lumbar CT examination was performed on both groups. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the observation group and the control group in the following items:the average endplate buckling depth, the average sagittal plane buckling angle and the average psoas major cross-sectional area (L₃-S₁). Compared with patients of Pfirrmann grading Ⅱ-Ⅲ in observation group, the average depth of the end plate buckling of L₃-S₁ had statistically significant 386 differences with those of patients in Pfirrmann grading Ⅳ-Ⅴ, as well as the average sagittal buckling angle and the average psoas major cross sectional area (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of Pfirrmann grade Ⅳ-Ⅴ diagnosed by the three parameters were 0.701, 0.890 and 0.771. This study confirmed that Sagittal curvature angle, end plate flexion depth and the difference of cross-sectional area of bilateral psoas major muscle are related to the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration in patients with LDH, which has certain value in the diagnosis of intervertebral disc degeneration.

The Relationship between the Parameters of MRI-LGE and the Changes of Plasma NT-proBNP and Hcy in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

LIU Tiefang, HU Jianxing, ZHANG Xiaojing

2021, 39(3):  391-395.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201118

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In this study, the relationship between the parameters of late gadolinium enhancement(LGE) and the changes of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and homocysteine (Hcy) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was investigated. Seventy-six HCM patients were selected as research objects. All patients underwent cardiac MRI examination, they were divided into LGE-positive group and LGE-negative group according to the LGE results. The total LGE rate, LGE volume, LGE quality, NT-proBNP, Hcy levels of the two groups were compared, and the correlation between NT-proBNP, Hcy levels and LGE parameters was analyzed. The results showed that the total LGE rate, LGE volume, and LGE quality of the LGE-positive group were significantly higher than those of the LGE-negative group (P<0.05).The measured values of NT-proBNP and Hcy of LGE-positive patients were higher than those of LGE-negative patients (P<0.05).The measured values of NT-proBNP and Hcy in LGE-positive HCM patients were significantly positively correlated with the total LGE rate, LGE volume, and LGE quality (P<0.05). NT-proBNP and Hcy in HCM patients with myocardial fibrosis are significantly increased, and are related to the degree of fibrosis.391

Evaluation of Echocardiographic Parameters on Left Ventricular Remodeling and Systolic Function of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction after PCI: the Role of rhBNP

ZHANG Fan, JIN Xihua, WANG Jiaolong

2021, 39(3):  396-400.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.200913

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lyophilized recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) on left ventricular remodeling and systolic function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There were 108 patients with AMI treated by PCI who were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group, with 54 cases in each group. Patients in both groups were given basic treatment such as anticoagulation, antiplatelet and lipid-lowering after operation, and patients in the study group were also given rhBNP treatment. After treatment, FMD, NO, LVEF in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), while GLS, GAS, and ET-1 levels were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). One year after PCI, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the study group was 9.26%, which was lower than 24.07% in the control group (P<0.05). The treatment of rhBNP on AMI patients with PCI has improved vascular endothelial function, left ventricular systolic function and left ventricular myocardial strain, which is beneficial to reduce the incidence of MACE.

The Diagnostic Value of Carotid Ultrasound Quantitative Parameters Combined with Serum miR-128b and miR-146a in Acute Ischemic Stroke and the Significance of Prognostic Evaluation

ZHOU Li, XU Li, SHAO Rusheng, WANG Zhanqiang

2021, 39(3):  401-406.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201115

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In this study, 112 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were selected as the observation group, and 112 healthy patients were selected as the control group. The carotid ultrasound quantitative parameters were obtained, as well as the levels of miR-128b and miR-146a in serum. The results showed that the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the internal carotid artery and miR-146a in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. While the end diastolic velocity (EDV), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and miR-128b were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The AUC of combined diagnosis of AIS by carotid ultrasound quantitative parameters and serum miR-128b and miR-146a was 0.898, which was higher than any single index. PSV, EDV, IMT, miR-128b, miR-146a were significantly correlated with the prognosis (mRs score) of AIS patients (P<0.05). The sensitivity of carotid ultrasound quantitative parameters and serum miR-128b and miR-146a in predicting the prognosis of AIS patients was 71.43%, and the specificity was 90.48%. Therefore, it is considered that the quantitative parameters of 401 carotid ultrasound and serum miR-128b and miR-146a have high application value in the diagnosis of AIS and in the prediction of prognosis.

The Diagnostic Efficiency of IVIM-DWI in Benign and Malignant Ovarian Tumors and the Correlation with Tumor Markers and Clinicopathological Factors

LIN Dong, HUANG Jiajie, WU Shangwen, QIN Ni, XU Huali

2021, 39(3):  407-411.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201015

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The aim of this study was to investigate the value of introvoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM-DWI) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumor. There were 108 patients with ovarian tumors who were selected to compare the differences of IVMI-DWI parameters between benign and malignant tumors. The results showed that the IVIM-DWI parameters including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), slow diffusion coefficient (D_slow) and fast diffusion coefficient score (f value) of malignant tumor were lower than that of benign tumor (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of ADC, Dslow and f value in the diagnosis of malignant ovarian tumor were 0.816, 0.915 and 0.852, respectively (P<0.05). ADC and D_slow were negatively correlated with carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125) (r=-0.457 and -0.553, P<0.05). The ADC in patients with clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ was significantly lower than that of patients Ⅰ-Ⅱ (P<0.05). In a word, IVIM-DWI parameters have a certain application value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors, and the ADC, D_slow levels are correlated with CA125 and clinical stage of patients with malignant tumors.407

Effect of Ultrasound-guided Standard Channel Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) on Staghorn Calculi

WANG Xiaojun, ZHANG Xu, LEI Mei, AO Gang

2021, 39(3):  412-416.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201104

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The clinical effect of ultrasound guided standard channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the treatment of staghorn calculi were discussed in this study. A retrospective analysis of 200 patients with staghorn calculi who were treated with PCNL under the standard channel, 100 patients underwent ultrasound-guided PCNL surgery (ultrasound group) and the other 100 patients PCNL surgery was performed after X-ray positioning (X-ray group). The number of punctures in the ultrasound group, the establishment time of skin and kidney channels, the length of hospitalization, and the proportion of patients treated with extracorporeal lithotripsy were lower than those in the X-ray group (P<0.05).The primary stone clearance rate of the ultrasound group was higher than that of the X-ray group (P<0.05). Twenty-four hours after surgery,the ultrasound group Cor level was lower than the X-ray group (P<0.05). Ultrasound-guided standard channel PCNL treatment of staghorn calculi is more accurate than X-ray positioning and puncture, simpler operation and less damage,which is beneficial to improve the primary stone clearance rate and to a certain extent, it is beneficial to reduce the traumatic stress caused by surgery.

Application of Functional MRI in the Evaluation of Memory, Language and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Drug-refractory Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

ZHAO Tengyue, LI Hua, YIN Tao, LIU Dongxu, WEI Haoyan

2021, 39(3):  417-421.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201011

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The purpose of this paper was to explore the value of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in evaluating memory, language and cognitive functions in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. There were 148 patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy who were selected as experimental group, and 148 healthy people who were selected as the control group. Both groups of patients underwent fMRI to check their memory, language and cognitive functions. And the advantages and disadvantages of fMRI were analyzed. The results showed that in the verb generation language task mode, the activation intensity in the following regions of the experimental group was significantly weaker than that of the control group, 417including the left inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, right central anterior gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left Inferior temporal gyrus and precuneus regions. The activation intensity in the following regions of the experimental group in the 2-back target memory task mode was significantly weaker than that of the control group, including bilateral thalamus and medial prefrontal lobe, as well as parietal lobe areas. The activation intensity in the following regions of the experimental group under the attention task mode was significantly weaker than that of the control group, including the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus, as well as bilateral parietal lobe regions (P<0.05). In summary, the results of fMRI can be used to analyze the language, memory and cognitive functions of patients with medication-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy.

Study on the Efficacy of Enhanced Features and Quantitative Parameters of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Identifying Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and the Relationship with Biological Behavior

ZHANG Qian, QIU Shuang, DENG Xiaoqian, ZHANG Boxue, GAO Jing, LIU Xiaoling

2021, 39(3):  422-427.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201201

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In this paper, the application value of the enhancement feature and quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the identification for papillary thyroid carcinoma and benign nodules were explored, as well as their relationship with biological behaviors of the thyroid carcinoma. There were 68 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who were selected as the study group, and 65 patients with benign thyroid nodules who were selected as the control group. The contrast enhancement features of the study group were mainly low enhancement in the early stage or in the whole stage, and in the control group was mainly equal or high enhancement. There was a statistically significant difference in enhancement characteristics of contrast-enhanced ultrasound between the two groups (P<0.05). The PI of the study group was lower than that of the control group, and the TTP was longer than the control group (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the combined diagnosis for thyroid micropapillary carcinoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasound, PI, and TTP was 0.896, which was greater than that of each index alone. Tumor diameter, extraglandular invasion and lymph node metastasis of thyroid micropapillary carcinoma were negatively correlated with the enhanced degree of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and PI, and positively correlated with TTP. The degree of 422 differentiation was positively correlated with the enhanced degree of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and PI, and negatively correlated with TTP (P<0.05). In conclusion, contrast-enhanced ultrasound features and quantitative parameters (PI and TTP) have high diagnostic efficiency in the diagnosis of thyroid micropapillary carcinoma, and has a close correlation with the biological behavior of cancer.

Application of Ultrasound Imaging Reporting and Data System

XIAO Dandan, LIU Yanna

2021, 39(3):  428-433.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201012

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Ultrasound imaging reporting and data system is a classification system for diagnosis by multiple ultrasonic features of lesions. The purpose is to standardize the expression of imaging diagnosis, and to solve the communication problem between sonographers and clinicians, so as to provide suggestions for the follow-up, biopsy and treatment of the lesion. Different versions of ultrasound imaging reporting and data systems have been applied to clinical practice. This article introduces several kinds of ultrasound imaging reporting and data systems which are widely used in clinic, including breast, thyroid, ovarian and liver ultrasound imaging reporting and data systems.

Study on CT Diagnosis of Renal Space-occupying Lesions and Differentiation of Lesions Nature

YUAN Lei, WEI Lai

2021, 39(3):  434-437.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201008

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The value of CT in the diagnosis of renal space-occupying lesions was investigated. A total of 108 cases of renal space-occupying lesions were selected to analyze the value of CT in the diagnosis of benign and malignant renal tumors, as well as the CT signs and value differences of benign and malignant renal tumors. The diameter of lesions in the malignant tumor group was (6.10±1.22) cm, which was higher than that in the benign tumor group (P<0.05).In the CT signs of malignant tumors, the proportion of non-uniform enhancement and enhancement mainly in fast-forward and fast-backward was 54.17% and 47.22%, which were significantly higher than that of benign tumors (P<0.05).The arterial CT value of malignant tumor was (78.29±12.12) HU, which was higher than that of benign tumor (P<0.05).The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of CT in the diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors were 90.28%, 83.33% and 87.96%. CT has a good value in the diagnosis of renal space-occupying lesions and the differentiation of lesion properties.

Clinical Value and Sonographic Features of CEUS in the Diagnosis of Small Hepatic Nodules

YUAN Fang, TIAN Yang

2021, 39(3):  438-441.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201009

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of small hepatic nodules. Eighty patients with 88 lesions were selected, and CEUS was performed to analyze the imaging differences between benign and malignant lesions. In CEUS enhancement mode of malignant lesions, the proportion of high enhancement in arterial phase was significantly higher than that in benign lesions, as well as the equal/low enhancement in portal phase and low enhancement in delayed phase (P<0.05). The starting time of enhancement and time to peak (TTP) of malignant lesions were significantly less than that of benign lesions (P<0.05), while the peak intensity (PI) was significantly higher than that of benign lesions (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of starting enhancement time, TTP and PI were 0.814, 0.834 and 0.740. In conclusion, CEUS has a good application value in the diagnosis of the nature of small nodules in the liver, which is worthy of clinical use.

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Function in Young and Middle-aged Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction by Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography and Two-dimensional Tissue Cardiogram

LI Yuxian, ZHU Yeran, HUANG Min

2021, 39(3):  442-445.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201013

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The purpose of this research is to explore the value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and two-dimensional tissue echocardiography in evaluating left ventricular function in young and middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction. There were 110 young and middle-aged myocardial infarction patients who were selected as myocardial infarction group and 57 volunteers without myocardial infarction who were selected as control group. Two-dimensional histograms and real-time three-dimensional echocardiography were performed to evaluate left ventricular function. The results showed that, compared with the control group, LVEF, LVEDV and LVESV of both echocardiography increased in the myocardial infarction group (P<0.05). Compared with 442two-dimensional tissue echocardiography, LVEF of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography decreased, while LVEDV and LVESV increased (P<0.05). Compared with real-time three-dimensional echocardiography, LVEF of two-dimensional tissue echocardiography increased, while LVEDV and LVESV decreased (P<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of the two methods were higher than that of the single diagnosis (P<0.05). In summary, real-time three-dimensional echocardiography combined with two-dimensional tissue cardiogram can reflect the left ventricular state of young and middle-aged myocardial infarction patients.

Carotid Artery Disease Detected by Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Elderly Patients and Its Correlation with Hypertension

FU Lijuan, HUANG Wei, WU Xia, CHEN Lei

2021, 39(3):  446-449.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201014

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This paper discussed the carotid artery lesions detected by color Doppler ultrasonography in elderly patients and its correlation with hypertension. A total of 80 patients with carotid artery disease and 80 healthy volunteers were selected as carotid artery disease group and normal carotid artery group, respectively. Levels of IMT, plaque, TC, TG, LDL-C, blood pressure, indicators of BP variability were examined in all subjects. It was found that patients with carotid lesions had higher BP, BP variability, and lipid levels compared with the carotid normal group (P<0.05). Compared with patients with thickened IMT, patients with IMT plaque had higher BP, BP variability, and lipid levels (P<0.05).Compared with patients with low BPV, patients with high BPV had higher mean IMT thickness of the left and right internal carotid arteries and common arteries (P<0.05). These results indicate that the blood pressure, blood pressure variability and blood lipid levels were significantly abnormal in elderly patients with carotid artery lesions, and IMT is correlated with blood pressure and blood pressure variability.

Diagnostic Efficiency of CT and Transvaginal Ultrasonography in Benign and Malignant Ovarian Tumors and Their Correlation with Tumor Markers

WANG Shuai, CHENG Jin

2021, 39(3):  450-454.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201106

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A total of 80 patients with benign and malignant ovarian tumors in our hospital were selected as research objects. After being confirmed by pathological examination, 40 patients with ovarian cancer served as the observation group, and 40 patients with ovarian tumor during the same period served as the control group. Energy spectrum CT examination and vaginal color Doppler ultrasound examination were performed. The results showed that the intravenous iodine concentration, standardized iodine concentration, slope, PSV, serum CA125, CA199, and AFP levels of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and PI and RI were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Intravenous iodine concentration, standardized iodine concentration, slope, PSV and serum CA125, CA199, AFP levels were positively correlated, PI, RI and serum CA125, CA199, AFP levels were negatively correlated (P<0.05). The AUC value of the combined differential diagnosis of ovarian benign and malignant tumors was 0.913, which was higher than any single parameter diagnosis.It is suggested that CT and vaginal ultrasonography can provide diagnostic information from the internal components of the lesion and the blood flow morphology. The combination of the two has a high value in the differential diagnosis of ovarian benign and malignant tumors.

Value of TVCDU, 3D-CPA Combined with Pulse Wave Doppler (PW) in the Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Space-occupying Lesions and the Evaluation of Preoperative Staging of Malignant Lesions

XU Chunxia, LAI Xin

2021, 39(3):  455-459.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201105

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The aim of this paper was to investigate the value of transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography (TVCDU), three-dimensional color power angiography (3D-CPA) combined with pulse wave Doppler (PW) in the differential diagnosis of ovarian space-occupying lesions and the evaluation of preoperative staging of malignant lesions. There were 110 patients with ovarian space-occupying lesions who were selected and examined by color Doppler ultrasound, among whom 49 cases were malignant, 61 cases were benign. The peak systolic velocity (PSV) and vascular index (VI) of malignant tumors were significantly higher than those of benign tumors (P<0.05), while resistance index (RI) was significantly lower than that of benign tumors (P<0.05). The proportion of vascular grade Ⅲ of malignant tumors was significantly higher than that of benign tumors (P<0.05), while the proportion of grade Ⅰ was significantly less than that of benign tumors (P<0.05). The proportion of VI and vascular grade Ⅲ in 455 stage Ⅲ patients was significantly higher than that of patients Ⅰ-Ⅱ (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of RI, VI, vascular classification and combined diagnosis on malignant tumor were 0.794, 0.774, 0.937 and 0.966, respectively. The area under the ROC curve of VI, vascular grading and combined diagnosis of malignant tumor FIGO stage Ⅲ were 0.810, 0.691 and 0.955. In conclusion, TVCDU and 3D-CPA combined with PW have good application value in differentiating the nature of ovarian mass lesions and preoperative staging assessment of malignant lesions.

Diagnostic Value of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of TSE-DWI Sequence in Acute Spinal Cord Injury

CAO Zaimin, HAO Zhanyuan, FENG Lin

2021, 39(3):  460-463.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201010

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The value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of TSE-DWI in the diagnosis of acute spinal cord injury was discussed. A total of 68 patients with acute spinal cord injury were selected as the observation group, including 40 cases of mild to moderate injury and 28 cases of severe injury. Fifty cases of healthy physical examination were selected as control group. All of them were given TSE-DWI sequence scanning. The ADC value of the lesion site in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The ADC value of the lesion site in the observation group was significantly lower than that in mild to moderate patients (P<0.05). The ADC value of the lesion site in the observation group was higher than that before treatment (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of ADC value to judge the severity of injury were high. The ADC value of TSE-DWI sequence is helpful to judge the severity of acute spinal cord injury.

Research on the Evaluation Efficacy of Three-dimensional Ultrasound Parameters for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

XU Shanshan, XIE Haoran, ZHANG Chaoxue, LIU Songyu, QIU Wenqian

2021, 39(3):  464-467.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201109

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The purpose of this study is to explore the value of three-dimensional ultrasound in the evaluation of pelvic floor dysfunction. There were 78 patients with pelvic floor dysfunction who were selected as observation group, and 80 patients without pelvic floor dysfunction who were selected as control group. The levator hiatus area and levator ani thickness were observed by three-dimensional ultrasound, and the muscle strength of levator ani was also detected. The experimental results show that, the area of hiatus of levator in resting state and Valsalva state in observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, as well as the posterior angle of urinary bladder in resting state and Valsalva state (P<0.05), while the thickness of levator ani muscle was significantly less than that of the control group (P<0.05). The mobility of bladder neck was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The muscle strength of levator ani muscle in the observation group was weaker than that in the control group (P<0.05). In resting state and Valsalva state, the area of hiatus of levator was negatively correlated with the grading of levator ani muscle strength (r=-0.544 and -0.560, P<0.05). The mobility of bladder neck was negatively correlated with the grading of levator ani muscle strength (r=-0.511, P<0.05). This study confirmed that there is a correlation between the area of levator hiatus, the mobility of bladder neck and the muscle strength of levator ani in patients with pelvic floor dysfunction.

The Anatomical Heterogeneity of the Roots and Root Canals of the Maxillary Second Permanent Molars in Different Genders in Beijing Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomography and the Correlation with Age

GOU Jingxue, LIU Guihong, GUI Fang, CHEN Yao

2021, 39(3):  468-473.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201002

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A total of 80 patients (142 teeth) who meet the conditions of the image data were selected as the research objects. The anatomical heterogeneity of the roots and root canals of the maxillary second permanent molars of different genders in Beijing based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the correlation with age were explored. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the number of roots, root canals and the root morphological distribution among the same sex, and in the root morphological distribution and fusion root morphology among different genders (P<0.05). The root fusion rate of females was higher than that of males (P<0.05). MB-DB, MB-P, F-R were negatively correlated with age (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the number of roots, root canals, and morphological distribution of different numbers of tooth roots (P<0.05). It shows that the anatomy of the roots and root canals of the maxillary second permanent molars of different genders in Beijing based on CBCT assessment is heterogeneous, and their distribution is related to age.

Value of Digital Mammography Combined with Energy Spectrum Imaging in Diagnosis of Dense Intramammary Lesions

ZOU Dandan, HU Fei, HAN Xu, AN Jianli

2021, 39(3):  474-478.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201007

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of digital breast tomography (DBT) combined with breast energy spectrum imaging (CESM) in patients with dense breast lesions. From March 2018 to July 2020, 70 cases of suspected breast disease in our hospital were selected. DBT was performed on them firstly, and then CESM was performed. It was found that the detection rate of dense breast lesions by DBT was 84.29%, which was lower than 95.71% by CESM (χ²=5.079, P=0.024). DBT showed signs of heterogeneous dense type and highly dense type with clear edges, while CESM showed signs of heterogeneous dense type and highly dense type with burr, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of DBT combined with CESM for dense breast lesions were higher than any single one, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). It is suggested that DBT combined with CESM have a significant effect on the diagnosis of dense intramammary lesions, which can be complementary examinations.

Diagnostic Value of CT Combined with High Resolution Pelvic MRI in Colorectal Cancer

ZOU Huayu, ZHOU Yinpin

2021, 39(3):  479-482.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201114

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In order to investigate the diagnostic value of CT combined with high-resolution pelvic MRI in colorectal cancer,179 suspected patients with colorectal cancer were selected in this study. All subjects were examined by CT and pelvic MRI. T stage, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and diagnostic efficacy were compared and observed. The results showed that the accuracy of CT in T staging was 92.11%,and the accuracy of T staging was 98.68% with CT+ high-resolution pelvic MRI. Compared with CT detection, CT+ high-resolution pelvic MRI detection showed low positive predictive value, low specificity and high accuracy, but there was no statistical significance between the two (P>0.05). Compared with CT detection, CT+ high-resolution pelvic MRI detection had higher negative predictive value and sensitivity, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CT combined with high-resolution pelvic MRI scan for the detection of colorectal cancer patients can improve the detection rate of the disease and improve the accuracy.

Application of Transvaginal Ultrasound Combined with Transabdominal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy

LIU Jufang, ZHU Silai, XU Dan

2021, 39(3):  483-485.  DOI: 10.7517/issn.1674-0475.201016

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The purpose of this study was to explore the value of transvaginal ultrasound combined with transabdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. A total of 130 patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy were selected as the research subjects, the transvaginal ultrasound and transabdominal ultrasound were performed. Among the 130 suspected ectopic pregnancy patients, 103 cases were diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy, 27 cases were non ectopic pregnancy. The detection rates of pelvic effusion, cardiovascular pulsation and adnexal mass in transvaginal ultrasound were higher than those of transabdominal ultrasound (P<0.05).The sensitivity, accuracy and negative predictive value of transvaginal ultrasound combined with transabdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy were all higher than that of transvaginal ultrasound and transabdominal ultrasound (P<0.05).Therefore, transvaginal ultrasound combined with transabdominal ultrasound has good diagnostic value.